Halp op his eight to louis j



(No Model.)

F. G, FARNHAM.

Lamp.

No. 231,549'. Patented Aug. 24,1880.

ITwenor:

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Nrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK G. FARNI-IAM, OF WHITE MILLS, PENNSYLYANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF F HIS RIGHT TO LOUIS J. DORFLINGER, OF SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 231,549, dated August 24, 1880.

Application led March 20. 1880.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK Gr. FARNHAM, residing at White Mills, in thecountyof Wayne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I do herebydeelare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the 1o same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

In the manufacture of what are known as i 5 peg-lamps great inconvenience, annoyance, and pecuniary loss have been caused by .the fact that a large percentage of all lamps of this kind crack or break during the process of mounting-i. e., that part of the process which 2o pertains to attaching the fount to its cup and stand by means of a plastic filling. In inaking these lamps the oil fount or reservoir is formed with a solid grooved peg on its bottom, embedded in a lliug of plaster or gyp- 2 5 sum, which, when hard, retains the peg and fomit in place, the plaster being contained in a met-allicleup surrounding the lower portion of the fount. It has invariably been found that the point of fracture is at the junction of 3o the brass cup and the fount, and, so far as I am aware, no means for remedying the defect have heretofore been discovered.

rIhe theory upon which my invention is based l is, that the solid body of plaster surrounding the lower portion of the thin hollow foun't prevents either expansion or contraction of the glass under varying temperatures, and hence results, in many cases, in the fracture of the article, and the object of my invention, there- 4o fore, is to provide a new manner for attaching the founts to the stem and base, by whichthis difficulty is obviated in a thorough and effective manner.

My invention consists, mainly, in surrounding only the solid peg with plaster; further, in interposin g between the plaster and the hollow fount an elastic disk which permits the glass to expand and contract, further, in the peculiar anchor or grapnel, and, finally, in

the various combinations of the operative 5o parts, as fully hereinafter explained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical section, showing the old manner of attaching the fount. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of my improved device. Fig. 3 is a separate view of the anchoror grapnel, and Fig. 4 a section of an improved form of cup.

In these drawings, A represents the ordinary oil fount or reservoir of a lamp, provided at its bottom with the usual solid peg B, which has a groove, c, upon its surface.

O represents the metallic cup, usually made of brass, and Dis the stem secured to the cup by a bolt passing through it, and provided with nuts attop and bottom to hold itin place.

The bottoni of the oil-fountis provided with a flange, d, which is inclosed by the upper end of the cup.

E represents a plaster-of-paris or gypsum lling, in Which the peg is embedded, and which enters the groove in such peg and holds it securely. Heretofore this filling has been made to extend to the top of the cup, where it joins the tlange on the fomit, holding the bent top of the cup in engagement with the iange; and while the fount was in this manner securely attached to the cup and base it was liable to break and .crack at this point, since the plaster surrounded the thin hollow part and permitted of no expansion or contraetion under change of temperature.

My invention is designed to be applied to the old form of brass cups hitherto in use, as well as to an improved form, to be described hereinafter.

In connection with the old form of cup, G represents a disk, preferably of paper, though in some cases rubber may be used to good advantage. As shown in the drawings, this disk isinterposed between. the plaster iillin g and the bottom of the fount, surrounding the peg, and preventing the plaster from coming in contact with the glass.

The fount thus rests upon the disk, which, by its elasticity, permits the glass to expand and contract at all points above the peg.

As the plaster llin g only extends to the top of the peg, while the brass cup extends to the flange d on the fount, it is evident that a space will be let't below the disk, forming an airchamber, which is partially or wholly filled with rings c, of' rubber or paper, placed below the disk G, and aiding to form an elastic seat for the fount. This space or chamber tilled with elastic material ot' course prevents the top of the cup from engaging with the tlange on the fount, as in the old form, and makes an additional fastening necessary. For this purpose I employ the anchor or grapnel H. (Illustrated in detail in Figli.) It consists of a sheet-metal plate struck out in a single piece and having arms or prongs flaring outward with their tops bent inward at right angles. The bolt which passes through the stem is nserted through a hole in the central plate of the grapnel and.is secured by the nut, the arms beingembedded in the plaster filling, and, in connection with the peg, holding the parts in engagement with absolute security. This grapnel is in reality an inner cup embedded in the filling, and might be made solid, though I prefer the f'orm described.

Fig. 4 represents a section of an improved f'orm of metallic cup, which is provided with an annular groove or recess, f, which, being filled with plaster, forms in some cases a suflicient fastening device, which may be used without the grapnel, it' desired. ln making new brasses they would be provided with this recess, and used in connection with the grapnel or not, and with the elastic disk and rings. These disks, as well as the rings, are convenieutly made from common white blotting-paper, which 1 have found by experience to be better adapted for thc purpose than any other material. I do not, however, contne myself to any particular form of disk or of' rings, or to any particular material, since they may be varied in these respects without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The bottom ot' the brass cup may be perforated. it' desired, for the admission of air to the chamber containing the elastic material, though this is not essential.

The advantages ot' my device will be at once apparent. By its use a large percentage of loss from breakage is entirely obviated, while the expense of manufacture is notincreased to 5o any extent, the materials used being cheap and the process of manufacture simple.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim as my invention is- 1. Inalamp-fount-attaching device, wherein the fount is secured to the base by a solid peg embedded in a plastic filling, means for preventing contact ot such plastic filling with the hollow portion ot' such fount, as described.

2. 1n combination, a hollow fount having a 6o solid peg, an outer metal cup, aiilling of plastlc material, and a space above such material wholly or partially filled with elastic material, substantially as described and shown.

3. In a lamp, the combination, with a hollow i'onnt having a solid peg, a cup, and a filling of plastic material, of the disk G, interposed between such filling and the hollow portion of the f'onnt, substantially as set forth.

4. In a lamp-fount-attaching device, thc 7o combination, with a plastic filling and a metal cup containing the same, ofa grapnel embedded in such filling and connected with the base by a fastening-bolt, substantially as described.

The improved lamp-fount-attaching device consisting of a fount having a peg surrounded by plastic material, a space above such plastic filling containing elastic material,

a surrounding metal cup, and a grapnel, as described. 8o

ln testimony' whereofI have axed my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

FRANK Gr. FARNHAM.

Witnesses:

E. A. DORFLINGER, B. F. DANIELs. 

